Hey: Introduction

lively and striking, than what terminates in mere speculation; and especially if it be foreseen, that we ourselves are likely to be called upon to act in consequence of our reasonings; occasion prompts men to great exertions; while occasion is in view, most men can prevail upon themselves to do much more than they can when it is past.

I should imagine, that the general reasonings, which we have had in the third Book, would have been more tedious, if some application of them to

fact did not seem possible while they were going on.

They, I should presume, may have a tendency to dissipate groundless scruples and difficulties, as well as to prevent the opposite fault ; but a social,

open,

BOOK Iv. INTRODUCTION, SECT. 1. 199

open, candid inquiry into the Articles themselves, must have that same tendency in a greater degree,

The Founder of our Institution wished to have

young persons in the University duly prepared for the Ministry; this his general design cannot, I think, be better answered, than by considering at- tentively those Articles, to which such persons are

to give their assent. He has indeed specified some

subjects, which he desires to have treated; but

they may be all introduced in one part or other of our plan. His intention seems particularly to have

been, to have the doctrine of the Trinity taught as it is summarily laid down in the Formularies of our Church; and surely that intention cannot be more directly executed, than by reading Lectures

on the Articles themselves. I think he had some doubts about some doctrines contained in the Ar-

tides; and (as he was not inclined to Popery) I should judge it must be about the Agency of God in promoting the salvation of man; which will in-

dude the 13th and 18th Articles, seemingly con -

demning good men, if not true Christians; but

there is no reason to think, he was averse to any doctrines of the Church of England being can-

didly considered ; rather the contrary : there is much greater reason to think, he would wish to have all the Articles discussed, than that he would chuse to leave those, who were designed for the Ministry, prejudiced against them, or mistaking gy force, and the nature of the assent to be given to them. | |

It is not a thing to be negle&ed, that many are desirous, at this time, to make a change in the

doctrine of the National Church: some of these

are philosophers and scholars; some even Ministers of the Church. Now, whether we suppose them

to have reason on their fide or not, nothing can be

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200 BOOK IV. INTRODUCTION. SECT. 1.

more seasonable than our design : if their com-

plaints are without foundation, nothing can shew

it more clearly; if a change is really wanted, that

which is to be altered should be understood before

it be altered. —One would not pull down a vene-

rable old house without examining it, and seeing whether a few trifling changes, a little cleaning

and lighting, and perhaps pulling down a fuper-

fluous room or two, would not. make it a much

more eligible dwelling than any which would be built according to the new plan. Hitherto, what-

ever imperfections our doctrines and forms may

have, nothing has been proposed, which appears to

me, on the hole, to be worthy to supersede them;

or which 1s likely to be agreed to by those, who are averse to innovations in general, or to the newly proposed schemes in particular. Those, who have proposed change, appear to me far inferior in solidity of judgment to those, who bave resisted it: this is not reasoning, to be sure, but it is na- tural for me to speak my opinion, when I am ex- plaining my own methods of proceeding; and I do believe, that the most improved comments on the Scriptures would rather confirm our Articles than overthrow them.

Bishop Burnet speaks as if a ati who at- tempted an explanation of our Articles, might be accused of presumption.— We see here the good of constituting Offces! a man may, without imputa- tion of presumption, do many things in office which, as a private individual, he might be blamed for undertaking: — thus the appointment of offices calls forth the services of many, wha would be useless, and prevents that modesty, which in reality qualifies a man for an undertaking, from acting as 2 a reason why he should decline it,

11. We

12. We determine then on the Articles —The first thing which strikes us is the number of them: Bishop Burnet gives us some satisfaction on this head: and we may say, that, generally speaking, the more Articles, the smaller the number of rhose, who can unite under them; and yet it seems a right method to unite as many Christians as possi · ble; that is, as many as can £0 on together in peace, and attain the ends of religious society. Therefore, the first profession attempted should be a short enumeration of those essentials, by which a Christian 1s distinguished from an Heathen or a Jew; but, if this enumeration 1s taken in different senses, and those who maintain them cannot unite, or be silent, they mult separate*; and then, to pre- vent confusion, and going backwards and forwards without principle, declarations must be made to render the separation intelligible, definite, practi- cable; and all parties quiet; declarations may be repeatedly made in different senses, till it may hap- pen, that one Church may have occasion to distin- guish itself from a number of other Churches; this may cause a great variety of articles of faith, none of which could be deemed superfluous. Now I

e apprehend,

2 Whenever men have been free from the restraint of a reli- gious establishment, they have broken out into strange notions and fancies, which have prevented their uniting with rational, sober-minded men. This happened particularly on the first publication of Christianity, and at our Reformation. LY Bur- net Introd. 8vo. p. 5.) This makes it very probable, that a very snort Creed is not a practicable expedient in the present state of things. Men deceive themselves by 1 for granted, that Articles and Confessions of Faith were made before any re- ligious societies were formed; voluntarily, and not of necessity. They might as well take for granted, that cannons and gun- powder and weapons were made before there were any conten-

tions; and then exclaim, what a shame, that implements for the destruction of mankind should be in constant use! no; wea-

pows were invented from time to time as war made them requi- ite, | | 2 |

202 BOOK IV. INTRODUCTION. SECT. 11.

apprehend, that it is in this manner that our Church comes to have so many. — Some are against one sect, some against another: our Reformers wanted to separate from the Church of Rome, and yet to avoid running into any opposite extreme. Now surely, if we had no Articles but what must natu. rally arise in such a situation, we could not be aid to have too many. Let any man then, in going through them, examine, whether this is not the truth. The Church of England has no Articles but such as 1. might seem necessary to make a separation from the Church of Rome, and prevent Papists from prevaricating®.—2. Such as might seem necessary to hinder the Church from falling into the opposite extreme, of Puritanism.— 3. Such as every religionist would require to have settled in one way or other, as being universally objects of aispute; — and lastly, such as, when a Body of Doctrines or Truths was to be compiled, could not be omitted consistently with such a design.—If this prove to be the truth, our Church seems de- sensible; and one thing in favour of the notion is, that some Articles, which were made in 1552, were cut off in 1562“. Hence it seems a fallacy, ah any 8 com- plains, that, in order to be a member of our Church, a man must have thirty-nine difficult me- taphysical propositions, each containing * many more, to assent to: to any one man, a great many articles are not to be reckoned as any thing: what signifies it to a Puritan, who abhors every thing which comes at all near Popery, how many Arti- des our Church has against the Church of Rome?

It would never r burthen his conscience, if every […] Romish

d See Book 111. Chap. 1x. Sect. v. or r Burnet, 8vo. p. Go © 111. 1X, vII.

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BOOK IV, INTRODUCTION. SECT. 111. 203

Romish superstition, and every Romish Saint was condemned by a separate Article. The same may be said of the Socinian; there are three or four Ar- tides, which relate to him, all the rest he ought to speak of as having no being. -

I would not be understood to say, that, if our national Doctrine was to be new-modelled, alt our present Articles must be retained; that would de- pend on circumstances: but I believe, that, if our circumstances required thirty-nine, as much as those of our Reformers did in 1562, it would not be right or prudent to have a less number. Bishop _ Hurd in the 11th Sermon of his third Vol. seems inclined to retrench Articles about mysterious or difficult doctrines; and he would no be a leading man in any councils, in which he would think pro- per to engage.— I conjecture, that, if it were en- trusted to ne to form a new set of Articles, in order to separate the Church of England from all those, which are incapable of carrying on the purposes of religious society with it, 1 should myself simplify some parts of our present confession; but whether that would be a real improvement, is another quei- tion. And that I should do so, can only be mat- ter of conjecture, till I fairly discuss the question in my own mind.—So long as our present Articles con- tinue, I must honour them highly, looking back to the times when they were made, whatever might be spared of them in the present times, could men be unanimous about them. Es *

111. The next thing to the number of our Ar- tides, is their worth or value. In my own opi- mon, they are very much undervalued; more than

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204 BOOK IV. INTRODUCTION. SECT. 111.

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I can well express. Bishop Burnet says, in one place, How or by whom they were prepared, we do not certainly know ;”—some lines afterwards he says, ** they were prepared, as is most probable, by Cranmer and Ridley; “ questions were framed relating to them, these were given* about to many Bishops and Divines, who gave in their several an- swers, that were collated and examined very ma- turely: all sides had a free and fair hearing, before - conclusions were made.” From those, whose works we know, we can judge of the rest: and it seems sufficiently clear, that the persons, who compiled our Articles, were men of the first ability:—as sclio. lars (if we except a few, though mere linguists ought not to be reckoned) we are mere children to them: the Scriptures they were conversant in to a degree, of which few now have any conception, (fo at least I believe:) Ecclesiastical History, of facts and opinions, lay open before them; yet, they were not mere scholars, nor monks, nor monk- ish men; but skilled in government, knowing men and manners, liberal in behaviour; free from all fanaticism; full of probity, yet guided in their measures by prudence. —Conceive all these roused, animated, by the grandeur and importance of the occasion; all their powers exerted to the utmost, with diligence and ardour, and you will agree, well might Dr. Balguy say, The age of Ridley, Jewell, and Hookers, will be reverenced by the latest posterity.” And of the Articles in particular we may say, there is not an Article composed in

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BOOK Iv. INTRODUCTION, SECT. III, 205

any spirit of opposition or contradiction: mode- ration continually prevailed: indeed it muff have prevailed; for the end in view was to retain as eat a number as possible of the most moderate amongst both Papists and Puritans: and the com- plaints of both parties prove this: enemies to Cal- vinism have complained, that our Articles were Calvinistic; but not more strongly than the Cal- vinists have complained, that they were not so. No set of men could be chosen, nor any circum- stances, more likely to form a good set of Articles. —They would fall short of nothing attainable, through indolence or cowardice; they would set down nothing carelessly, on the presumption of its passing unexamined; they would overshoot nothing, 1n hopes of catching a few. They had nothing for it but to fix on that, which right reason and good feelings would embrace. If it be asked, why men do not commonly efeem our Articles according to this account? I would answer, perhaps partly because they and the wri- tings of the age are in a language now become * ancouth and antiquated: but really the chief thing, which hinders us from esteeming them, is our own ignorance: Christians are to be united by hitting off a due medium between two opinions, and we are ignorant what the opinions are. And yet we pro- ceed ina petulant manner, reasoning superficially, and despising what we ought to venerate. Let us then first suspect ourselves; and then, after exami- nation of ourselves, we may freely try hem.” It frequently happens, that we find fault with others n (especially b Puller’s Moderation of the Church of England, is worth consulting. | Eon | | 5 See last Chap. of 2d Book of Bingham’s Apology, Col lier’s Eccles. Hist. quoted before: viz. Fol a. p: 748.

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206 BOOK IV. INTRODUCTION. SECT. 111.

. (especially if they are plain and unassuming) when the fault is only in ourselves.

Vet, after all, the compilers of our Articles, and

the authors of the Reformation, were but men;

and, if they had imperfections, absolute or relative,

we ought not to shut our eyes against them. Their

relative imperfections will arise from improvements made since their time: in what then are we im. proved? Perhaps we cannot say, that any one mau now is a better Divine than one man then, upon the whole; but we may say, that improvements have been made in some particular criticisms and expositions’: though possibly such men as the Re.

| formers might have made as great, at least, in the

same time.—W hether improvements have been made in Logic, or even in Mathematics, as far as

relates to theological reasoning, I doubt; but mo- rality has been improved (and would be much more

so, if we had Dr. Balguy’s explanation of his Heads of Moral Lectures), and natural * religion, and metaphysics” :=[t may be worth adding, as a

thing greatly affecting Religion, that we are much improved in seeing, conceiving, and allowing the rights of stoleration: and in the whole matter of

uniting civil power with ecclesiastical ; the more

see of the controversies about the King being head

of the Church, the independency of the Church, | &c. the more 1 am convinced of the worth and excellency of Bishop Warburton’s Alliance of Church and State.— think also, that we are im-

proved, with respect to Superstition and Enthusiasm ; 20 though we have many, who run into those

faults, they are not persons of much eminence.—

The abolition of the Law against witches is one

1 By Locke, Taylor, xc. and in many Sermons, _ =. By Clarke, Boyle, Bays 3 Balguy. 5 By Locke.

BOOK IV, INTRODUCTION. SECT. IV. 20)

good proof of this. The proofs also of the truth of Cistianity are improved by controversy with Deists; but then Articles are not aimed at either Deists or Atheists.

Dr. Balguy seems *’ to hint at some ambiguities and inaccuracies in our Articles; and to infinuate, that some things are wphilosophical in them; and that some things may mislead, or draw men into erroneous opinions: I do not at present recollect instances, but we must keep this in mind as we go alon

• Our next business may be to see how we can ascertain, or approach to, the primitive sense of our Articles. This must be done, by putting our- selves in the place of those, who compiled them: History only can * place us in past ages; in short, we may fay, that we should study the History of the Reformation. — This would inform us how | doctrines were gradually propagated. = We have a | Book?, printed in 1543, called © 4 necessary doc- true, &c.” which, though it has many doctrines of the Church of Rome in it, was intended to in- struct the people, was in the vulgar tongue, and was chiefly prepared by Archbishop Craumer’: some judgment may be formed from this, early as it

was; in some points, a good judgment.—In 1 549 n Act of Parliament passed for the King (Edvard

VI.) to impower, for three years, thirty-two per- fant half clergy, half laity, to reform the eccle- 3 Laws of England: their laws are in being,

oP. 293. P B. 111. Chap. 1%. 1 For an account of Books published by Authority at this

time, see Fuller’s Church History ; particularly the 7th Book: that Book is on the reign of Edw. vi. |

= Burnet, 2 6. 8vo. | 1 - + Heylin, Hist. Quinqu. 2, 8. Hen. vII 1. said it was

Cranmer’s own Book. Burnet’s Records, Vol. a. p. 238. quoted in Di. on 1th Art. p. 32. .

208 pOOE IV. INTRODUCTION. SECT. IV.

though never enforced, and make a Book entitled Reformatio Legum ; from which the mind of the Reformers may be seen in several doctrines ; the commission is dated two years after the Act, and one before King Edward’s Art icless. As our Articles were taken in part from the confession of Augsburg, and as that was composed by Melanctlion, we might clear up in some points the primitive sense of our Articles, if we consulted either that confession, or the writings of that Di- vine. Erasmus was Professor in the University of Cambridge; and his Paraphrase on the Gospels was placed ® in the English Churches at the time of the Reformation; that therefore must have ex- pressed the mind of the Reformers. And their meaning is partly to be collected from some of their own writings, and from their Lives: some of which are written by Szrype*; all to be found in the Biographia Britannica. I speak particularly of Cranmer, Ridley, Latimer, Hooper, and Jewell. The Homilies must, of course, shew the mean- ing of the Reformers; the second book of which, published 1 560, is said to have been written chiefly by Jewell:—the first book, published in 1547 (1st Edward vi.) was written chiefly by Cranmer, assisted probably by several persons commissioned for that purpose: Latimer 1s thought likely. There is a Life of Ridley, by Mr. Glocester Ridley? in Quarto ; and Heylin’s Historia Quinquarticularis, Part 2. Chap. 8. is well worth consulting: as 1s n * e

t One might compare that part of the Reformatio Legum,

which is called the Epilogus to the Chapter de Hærgsibus, with

what comes before it in the Volume. | u See Ed. vi. Injunctions; in Sparrow’s Collection, or Ful-

ler’s History. | * Fox’s Acts and Monuments, has some Disputations, &c.

in which opinions and proofs appear. DE See particularly, Book v. Sect. vir.

the Introduction to his Life of Laud (Cyprianus Anglicus. )*

1 “think it is not to be conceived, that the primi- tive sense of any expression 1s always one ingle sense; the Reformers very probably left some expressions open, to be taken in some few different senses*: so that proving, that a certain sense may be called the

rimitive sense, is not proving that another cannot be called so. And a distinction is to be made in some points, between the first Reformers and those in the latter end of Elizabeth, &c’: in Mary’s reign, as was observed betore, the English refugees imbibed Calvinism abroad. A distinction is also | to be made between the primitive and the /iteral sense: they may coincide at firit, becaule allusions are then adopted intuitively; but, after a length of time, they will differ, because allusions will then | be lost®. The Original of our Articles perished in the fire of London, but there are copies, manuscript and printed; in these are some various readings, but not any of consequence. If the original had been preserved, only one reading could have been right, now different readings may y contend : but the case -

Ce 5

[…]

See Powell, Disc. 2. p. 36. and Nicholls on the Title of the Articles.

d See Oxf. Pamph. on 17th Art. p. 1. and 79. Bishop Hurd seems to make this distinction, Vol. iii. Ser. xi. p. 206, .

© Book 111, Chap. vir. Sect. v.

See before, Book 111, Chap. v 1. SeQ. r,—And 111. IX, I.

VOL. 11. 9

210 BOOK IV. INTRODUCTION. SECT. v. VL.

is the same with the sacred writings themselves, Bennet’s collation of the various readings will be mentioned by and by.

v. No person will think of reading the Articles carefully without paying some attention to the Injunction or declaration which is prefixed to them.

But I have * already said enough of this.

Vi. I will now mention a few 2vriters on our Articles. — There are more than I have seen, or than I can now remember by name. At first, the

Articles wanted but little explanation ; the chief

thing they wanted was Scriptural proof: what opi-

mons and practices they meant to refer to, was, 1

imagine, generally known. The most complete collation of different copies, which J have seen, is in Bennet’s Essay; he has allo given a good History of their formation, and fome remarks on the nature

of the assent given to them. Bennet’s Esay is to

be distinguished from his Directions for studying the Articles; in this last, he refers to the confuta- tion of Popery, &c.— meaning is own.—Anthony Collins Esq. the Freethinker, seems to have writ- ten something upon the Articles; against them probably; but I have not been able to meet with it, —I have an exposition by Yeneer, one by Rogers, a very {mall one by Ellis, proposing and briefly solving some objections: Welckman is in every one’s hands. Rogers gives hiforicel hints, which may be pursued. —Dr. Nicholls, at the beginning of his

| Book on the Common Prayer, has explained the

first fourteen Articles, and in some respects very successfully. Brigham, about the French Protestant Church, may be read with satisfaction, as to those things which relate to Protestant […] Dr. e Book 111. Chap. vir. Sect. v — And 111. fx. 1. This is published m,

BOOK IV. INTRODUCTION, SECT. Vi. 211

Dr. John Burges may be considered as a writer on those Articles, about which he expressed his doubts to the Heads of the Church. And his re- marks are worth reading. . =

Information may be derived from Neal’s History of the Puritans®, only allowance must be made for his prejudices in favour of those people, of which he himself was one. |

This list may perhaps hereafter be enlarged; 1 mean of the writers on the Articles known to meh.

I will conclude with the mention of Bishop Bur- net. I have not lately read his work on the Arti- des, but it seems the most esteemed of any. He must have been possessed of * matter for a very masterly exposition; and, I should think, with his theological and historical knowledge, he might have put his readers more in the place of the Com- pilers than he has done. Probably, though our religion has always had its opposers, he was not fo much pressed as we are now. He professes to be a collector; and, in truth, it seems as if he might sometimes have made a little philosophical reason- ing of great service: those, who prepared the Ar- tides, might not reason in form; but they reasoned nicely, though silently ; and some metaphysics, well applied, would bring our minds nearer to the state of theirs u. His reading was judicious and exten-

g | | live;

In Grey’s Notes on Hudibras, an Answer to Neal is often referred to. | e VET.

h T have seen other writings on the Articles mentioned in the

Catalogues of Booksellers, but I have negle ed, I. perceive, to enter them here, - ; |

i Scotch—died 1715. 5

k See his Preface. I Pref. p. xv. | m I reasoned simply, from the nature of things, on the subjects of voluntary actions, and predestination, and I think my rea- sonings have developed some thoughts and ideas, which were in the minds of the Reformers, though not drawn out into form,

212 BOOK IV. INTRODUCTION. SECT. vil.

‘five; but, when he got into the mazes of different opinions, he seems to have wanted a clue. —But I will read his work again; certainly our Church is much obliged to him; - nevertheless, a work much inferior might be useful, after a change of circum- {tances. $5 VII. After what has been said, in the ninth Chapter of the third Book (at the close of the first Section), on the use of History in clearing up the obscurity of any expressions in our Articles, by shewing us the views of those who compiled them, and the circumstances to which they meant to refer, it will not seem strange, if I endeavour to open the {ubject of each Article by some historical remarks, Nothing, I am persuaded, can be more effectual in taking off any apparent uncouthness, or 1n making the reasonings, which follow, appear in- teresting and important. Yet, before such reason- ings occur, it will generally be found needful to give an explanation of some expressions, though even explanation mult be in a good measure historical, Thus prepared, we may come to a proof of the truth of the several propositions contained in each Article: but, as a long time has elapsed since the _ last publication of our Articles, and as many changes have taken place, both in men’s notions and situations, it will be satisfactory to compare the age of the Reformation with our own; and so to make an application of what may have been said, to the present state of things. Of what parts such application should consist, will best appear when we first come to make one.—In some Articles, which now seem to us of but secondary importance, this method may not be constantly observed in all its strictness. ©. In this fourth Book, every Article may be con- ceived to make a Chapter.

ARTICLE:1;

HERE is but one living and true God, ever-

lasting, without body, parts, or passions; of infinite power, wisdom, and goodness; the maker and preserver of all things, both visible and invisi- ble. And in unity of this Godhead there be three Persons, of one substance, power, and eternity ; ; the F ather, the Son, and the Holy Ghost.

e

cannot enter upon such a work as the consi- deration of the Articles of our Church, without some expressions of diffidence; nor without claim: ing a right to retract any opinion, which improve- ment in reasoning and knowledge may, at any time, shew me is groundless. Let not this be deemed affectation; it would really be painful to me not to indulge myself in some such declaration; and indeed it is only saying, now we enter on our present subject, what was said on the first entrance on our whole plan*.—It is only expressing a tem- per, which has been recommended as always pro- per in the discussion of doctrines above human comprehension”. —It has indeed seldom happened to me to retract an opinion; which I impute to reasoning with simplicity, and endeavouring not

to deceive myself, in order to defend any received or established Doctrine.

The *‘B. 3. Chap. +, 86.51. 5. 211; Chap. x; $68 uv: e

214 BOOK IV. ARF, I. SECT. 1.

The principal thing, 1n which I feel myself (and every one must feel himself) deficient, is History; indeed, I do not fee how any one can ever attain such a Knowledge in History, as might be wished: or such as has before been briefly described; of facts, opinions, passions.—Yet it is History, Which is to give us, as was very lately observed, the design of each Article; and the particular expressions are to be interpreted by the design, as a statute by its preamble. —Bishop Burner, in treating on our first Article, enters into discussions of natural religion; they seem to me unseasonable; though nothing can be more valuable than ood discussions on that subject. Articles of Faith must turn on interpre- tations of Scripture. The Unity of God is indeed to be proved, because it makes a part of the Doctrine of the Trinity; but on principles of re- vealed religion. The design of the first Aiticle is, to guard against all errors and heresies of Chriftans, with regard to the Holy Trinity; as the title suth- b declares.

I am now therefore to enter on the difficult subjeR of the Hissory of the Doctrine of the Holy Trinity.—And here it seems proper first to say something of some Notions, which have been ascribed to Heathens, in a degree resembling ours. Mr. Voltaire mentions as what have been, in some fort, three Deities in one, Jupiter, Neptune, Pluto: and again, Is, Ofir iris, Horus: =and, Birma, Brama, Visnou. I think it is said, that Servetus compared our Trinity to Geryone.— Dr. Potter ob- serves, that three* was a sacred number.

These

For Geryon, see Spence” s Polymetis, the ainch of Hercules TH Labours, and the 16th Dialogue, about the Lower World. In that Dialogue, are several instances of Triads, p 272: (see also p- 284): or abridgment, p. 175. Cerberus (Spence) reprelenjes

| SR eee Paity Potter’s Antiquities, 1. 358.

BOOK Iv. ART. f. SECT 157 275

These it may not be worth while to dwell upon; Jupiter seems to have been God of all above the surface of the, Earth, Neptune of the Sea, Pluto of all under the earth; but their nity does not appear to have been insisted on.— The notions of Plato seem to approach nearer ours, and, on other ac- counts, to be better worth considering.—Bishop

Horsiey recommends © the study of his works.

Heathens, Fews, and Christians have highly extolled him.—Cicero de Natura Deorum * seems to speak only a general opinion, when he calls him © quen- dam Deum philosophorum.“ The Jews are said

to have studied and imitated him; particularly

Philos. Many eminent Cbristians have admired and commended him. — Allix“ says, on account of his morals; but Jerom and Augustin speak more

with relation to his reasoning and doctrines: Jerom

says, that he is, “„ divinum’, profundum, nec a juvenilibus intelligi pofse.” Augustin seems to

declare, that’ he himself should not (when he left

: the Manicheans) have professed the Divinity of the Logos, and that the word was really made flesh, it

he had not read the Platonisis; this he says in his Confessions*, which seem to be a sort of continued

prayer; ascribing his meeting with them to the Divine Providence.—< Et primo (tu) volens osten- dere mihi, - quòd Verbum tuum caro factum est, et habitavit inter homines, procurasti mihi, per 22 1 HOTELL CF quemdam past, present, and future; Spence says, in Pref, that the Romans had three principal Deities. There is a Diana Triformis; Abr. of Spence, p. 37.— Horace (Od. ii. xiv.) calls Geryon ter am- plus. Virgil has tergeminus”

• P. 355. Chap. xxiii. of his Jews against Unitarians,

Ad Jovin. (quoted by Vossius, about Plato.)

• Confess. 7. 9. 13, 14. and 8. 2. 3. quoted Lard. Works,

Vol. iii. p. 541.

— WO „

“2

Lg 2 ws » RS v

5 OS OE ＋ SO

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[…] wrs. = 94 b + — —

: \ ö ’ [XY N

Notes

• There is a Latin book, publisned in Quarto at London in 1617, called Doctrina et Politia Eeclesiæ Anglicanæ, & c. con- taining Jewel’s Apology, two Catechisms, in Latin, our com- mon one and a fuller, the common prayers, &C. which mentions, in the title of the 29 Articles, the Heretics, against which they were made: Sabellians, Manicheans, Arians, Tritheists, Mace- donians, Ebionites, Nestorians, Eutychians, Novatians\ Dona-
• In his Charge, f Lib. ii. Cap. xii, Bs s See afterwards Set, 111. Note about Numenius.